{"id":12970,"date":"2024-07-26T02:01:29","date_gmt":"2024-07-26T02:01:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk?p=12970"},"modified":"2024-07-26T02:11:24","modified_gmt":"2024-07-26T02:11:24","slug":"camera-module-cmos-image-sensor-selection-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/guia-de-selecao-de-sensor-de-imagem-cmos-do-modulo-da-camera\/","title":{"rendered":"Guia de sele\u00e7\u00e3o do sensor de imagem CMOS do m\u00f3dulo da c\u00e2mera"},"content":{"rendered":"<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o ao sensor de imagem CMOS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959059882040.jpeg\" title=\"1721959059882040.jpeg\" alt=\"47b604a4bbd732e42f72ecfd90cc930f1173.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal;\"><\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px;\">Sensores de imagem s\u00e3o dispositivos que convertem sinais de luz em sinais el\u00e9tricos e s\u00e3o amplamente utilizados nos mercados de televis\u00e3o digital e comunica\u00e7\u00e3o visual. Atualmente, os dois mais amplamente utilizados s\u00e3o CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) e CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor).<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Entre eles, o CMOS \u00e9 atualmente o que mais chama a aten\u00e7\u00e3o e \u00e9 considerado o que tem maior potencial de desenvolvimento.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">O sensor de imagem CMOS \u00e9 um sensor de imagem de estado s\u00f3lido t\u00edpico, geralmente composto de matriz de unidade sens\u00edvel \u00e0 imagem, driver de linha, driver de coluna, l\u00f3gica de controle de tempo, conversor AD, interface de sa\u00edda de barramento de dados, interface de controle e outras partes. Essas partes geralmente s\u00e3o integradas no mesmo chip de sil\u00edcio. Seu processo de trabalho pode geralmente ser dividido em reinicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, convers\u00e3o fotoel\u00e9trica, integra\u00e7\u00e3o e leitura.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Outros circuitos de processamento de sinal digital tamb\u00e9m podem ser integrados no chip sensor de imagem CMOS, como conversores AD, controle autom\u00e1tico de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o, compensa\u00e7\u00e3o de n\u00e3o uniformidade, processamento de balan\u00e7o de branco, controle de n\u00edvel de preto, corre\u00e7\u00e3o gama, etc. Para realizar c\u00e1lculos r\u00e1pidos, at\u00e9 mesmo dispositivos DSP com fun\u00e7\u00f5es program\u00e1veis podem ser integrados com dispositivos CMOS para formar uma c\u00e2mera digital de chip \u00fanico e um sistema de processamento de imagem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Mais precisamente, um sensor de imagem CMOS deve ser considerado um sistema de imagem. Na verdade, quando um designer compra um sensor de imagem CMOS, ele ou ela obt\u00e9m um sistema completo, incluindo registradores l\u00f3gicos de matriz de imagem, mem\u00f3ria, geradores de pulso de temporiza\u00e7\u00e3o e conversores.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Princ\u00edpio de funcionamento do sensor de imagem CMOS<\/strong><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">1. Estrutura de pixel do tubo MOS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">O transistor MOS e o fotodiodo formam uma se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal estrutural equivalente a um pixel. Durante o per\u00edodo de integra\u00e7\u00e3o da luz, o transistor MOS \u00e9 cortado, e o fotodiodo gera portadores correspondentes de acordo com a intensidade da luz incidente e os armazena na jun\u00e7\u00e3o PN da fonte (posi\u00e7\u00e3o \u2460 na figura abaixo).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959102886392.png\" title=\"1721959102886392.png\" alt=\"b286cf5614f158b1356093e4ebe3cc87.png\"\/><\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Quando o per\u00edodo de integra\u00e7\u00e3o termina, um pulso de varredura \u00e9 aplicado ao gate do transistor MOS, ligando-o, redefinindo o fotodiodo para o potencial de refer\u00eancia e fazendo com que uma corrente de v\u00eddeo flua atrav\u00e9s da carga, cuja magnitude corresponde \u00e0 intensidade da luz incidente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A jun\u00e7\u00e3o PN da fonte do transistor MOS desempenha o papel de convers\u00e3o fotoel\u00e9trica e armazenamento de portadora. Quando um sinal de pulso \u00e9 aplicado ao gate, o sinal de v\u00eddeo \u00e9 lido.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">2. Estrutura da matriz do sensor de imagem CMOS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A estrutura da matriz de pixels CMOS consiste em um registrador de deslocamento horizontal, um registrador de deslocamento vertical e uma matriz de pixels CMOS.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959115495642.png\" title=\"1721959115495642.png\" alt=\"0fbae8e2f588e469566f3aac012108fa.png\"\/><\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Estrutura da matriz do sensor CMOS<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">(1-registrador de deslocamento vertical; 2-registrador de deslocamento horizontal; 3-interruptor de varredura horizontal; 4-interruptor de varredura vertical; matriz de 5 pixels; 6-linha de sinal; 7 pixels)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Conforme mencionado acima, cada transistor MOS atua como um interruptor sob o acionamento de pulso dos circuitos de varredura horizontal e vertical. O registrador de deslocamento horizontal liga sequencialmente os transistores MOS que desempenham o papel de varredura horizontal da esquerda para a direita, ou seja, o papel de endere\u00e7ar a coluna, e o registrador de deslocamento vertical endere\u00e7a sequencialmente as linhas do array.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Cada pixel consiste em um fotodiodo e um transistor MOS que atua como um interruptor vertical. O interruptor horizontal \u00e9 ligado em sequ\u00eancia sob a a\u00e7\u00e3o do pulso gerado pelo registrador de deslocamento horizontal, e o interruptor vertical \u00e9 ligado sob a a\u00e7\u00e3o do pulso gerado pelo registrador de deslocamento vertical, de modo que a tens\u00e3o de refer\u00eancia (polariza\u00e7\u00e3o) \u00e9 aplicada ao fotodiodo do pixel em sequ\u00eancia.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959143992082.png\" title=\"1721959143992082.png\" alt=\"9ed5df76408441d16f38390c65e8f40b.png\"\/><\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">3. Princ\u00edpio de funcionamento e processo do sensor de imagem CMOS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">De acordo com o diagrama de blocos funcionais do sensor de imagem CMOS, pode-se descobrir que o fluxo de trabalho do sensor de imagem CMOS \u00e9 dividido principalmente nas tr\u00eas etapas a seguir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959158449757.png\" title=\"1721959158449757.png\" alt=\"30308ea76b283051e60b6e95e543c8b6.png\"\/><\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Diagrama de blocos funcionais de um sensor de imagem CMOS<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Etapa 1: A luz externa irradia o conjunto de pixels, causando um efeito fotoel\u00e9trico e gerando cargas correspondentes na unidade de pixel.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">A cena \u00e9 focada no conjunto de sensores de imagem atrav\u00e9s da lente de imagem. O conjunto de sensores de imagem \u00e9 um conjunto de pixels bidimensional. Cada pixel inclui um fotodiodo. O fotodiodo em cada pixel converte a intensidade da luz na superf\u00edcie do conjunto em um sinal el\u00e9trico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Etapa 2: Selecione o pixel que voc\u00ea deseja operar atrav\u00e9s do circuito de sele\u00e7\u00e3o de linha e do circuito de sele\u00e7\u00e3o de coluna e leia o sinal el\u00e9trico no pixel.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><br \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Durante o processo de gating, a unidade l\u00f3gica de sele\u00e7\u00e3o de linha pode escanear a matriz de pixels linha por linha ou alternadamente, e o mesmo \u00e9 verdadeiro para as colunas. A unidade l\u00f3gica de sele\u00e7\u00e3o de linha e a unidade l\u00f3gica de sele\u00e7\u00e3o de coluna podem ser usadas juntas para realizar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o de extra\u00e7\u00e3o de janela da imagem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Etapa 3: Execute o processamento de sinal nas unidades de pixel correspondentes.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><br \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Os sinais de imagem nas unidades de pixel de linha s\u00e3o transmitidos para as unidades de processamento de sinal anal\u00f3gico correspondentes e conversores A\/D atrav\u00e9s dos barramentos de sinal de suas respectivas colunas, e convertidos em sinais de imagem digital para sa\u00edda. A principal fun\u00e7\u00e3o das unidades de processamento de sinal anal\u00f3gico \u00e9 amplificar os sinais e melhorar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o sinal-ru\u00eddo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Ap\u00f3s o sinal el\u00e9trico do pixel ser amplificado, ele \u00e9 enviado para o circuito de amostragem dupla correlacionada (CDS) para processamento. A amostragem dupla correlacionada \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo importante usado por dispositivos de alta qualidade para eliminar alguma interfer\u00eancia. Seu princ\u00edpio b\u00e1sico \u00e9 que o sensor de imagem leva a duas sa\u00eddas, uma para o sinal em tempo real e a outra para o sinal de refer\u00eancia. Os mesmos sinais de interfer\u00eancia ou relacionados s\u00e3o removidos pela diferen\u00e7a dos dois sinais.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Este m\u00e9todo pode reduzir o ru\u00eddo KTC, redefinir o ru\u00eddo e o ru\u00eddo de padr\u00e3o fixo FPN (Fixed Pattern Noise), e tamb\u00e9m pode reduzir o ru\u00eddo 1\/f e melhorar a rela\u00e7\u00e3o sinal-ru\u00eddo. Al\u00e9m disso, tamb\u00e9m pode completar a integra\u00e7\u00e3o de sinal, amplifica\u00e7\u00e3o, amostragem, reten\u00e7\u00e3o e outras fun\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">O sinal \u00e9 ent\u00e3o enviado para um conversor anal\u00f3gico\/digital e convertido em uma sa\u00edda de sinal digital.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Al\u00e9m disso, para obter uma c\u00e2mera pr\u00e1tica de qualidade qualificada, o chip deve conter v\u00e1rios circuitos de controle, como controle de tempo de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o, controle autom\u00e1tico de ganho, etc. Para fazer com que cada parte do circuito no chip se mova em uma batida especificada, v\u00e1rios sinais de controle de tempo devem ser usados. Para facilitar a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da c\u00e2mera, o chip tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio para emitir alguns sinais de tempo, como sinais de sincroniza\u00e7\u00e3o, sinais de in\u00edcio de linha, sinais de in\u00edcio de campo, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Campos de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do sensor de imagem CMOS<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3B3B3B; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Os sensores de imagem CMOS t\u00eam as vantagens de tamanho pequeno, baixo consumo de energia, baixo pre\u00e7o e produ\u00e7\u00e3o em massa, e respondem por 90% do mercado de sensores de imagem. Eles s\u00e3o amplamente usados em c\u00e2meras digitais, smartphones, dire\u00e7\u00e3o aut\u00f4noma, seguran\u00e7a, Internet das Coisas e outros campos, e t\u00eam enorme potencial de mercado no futuro.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"padding: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; max-width: 100%;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">digital&nbsp;<\/strong><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">c\u00e2mera<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Nos primeiros dias das c\u00e2meras digitais, a maioria delas geralmente usava imagens CCD. No entanto, mais tarde, o CMOS se desenvolveu rapidamente e se tornou um componente indispens\u00e1vel em c\u00e2meras SLR dom\u00e9sticas.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Embora o CMOS seja ligeiramente inferior ao CCD em satura\u00e7\u00e3o de cor e textura, o chip de processamento CMOS pode compensar isso, ent\u00e3o ele ainda \u00e9 melhor que o CCD em outros aspectos, como mecanismo de redu\u00e7\u00e3o de ru\u00eddo, velocidade de leitura r\u00e1pida, economia de energia, etc. No mercado, muitas SLRs de alto desempenho t\u00eam as caracter\u00edsticas acima.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"padding: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; max-width: 100%;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0;\">telefone inteligente<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Como todos sabemos, terminais m\u00f3veis sempre foram um mercado importante para sensores de imagem CMOS. C\u00e2meras duplas e c\u00e2meras 3D s\u00e3o amplamente utilizadas em smartphones, e adicionar lentes ajuda os fabricantes de telefones celulares a ampliar a lacuna entre suas estrat\u00e9gias de vendas e produtos concorrentes. Os fabricantes s\u00e3o mais ativos na instala\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00f3dulos de c\u00e2mera, especialmente usando de 2 milh\u00f5es a 5 milh\u00f5es de lentes funcionais de baixo pixel para aumentar o n\u00famero de lentes em seus produtos.<br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Em termos gerais, os sensores CMOS podem ser divididos em sensores CMOS retroiluminados e sensores CMOS empilhados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">O sensor CMOS retroiluminado alterna o fotodiodo e a camada de fia\u00e7\u00e3o para que a luz entre primeiro no fotodiodo fotossens\u00edvel, aumentando assim a sensibilidade e melhorando significativamente o efeito de disparo em ambientes com pouca luz. IPhone, Xiaomi, Meizu, como todos sabemos, s\u00e3o equipados com tais sensores.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3E3E3E; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">O sensor CMOS empilhado \u00e9 um derivado do sensor CMOS retroiluminado. \u00c9 o mais amplamente usado e o mais avan\u00e7ado em c\u00e2meras de celulares e \u00e9 uma tecnologia exclusiva da Sony.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"padding: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; max-width: 100%;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0;\">Piloto autom\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3B3B3B; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Hoje, o mercado automotivo se tornou a segunda maior \u00e1rea de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o para sensores CMOS, depois dos telefones celulares.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3B3B3B; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3B3B3B; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia de dire\u00e7\u00e3o aut\u00f4noma, a demanda por c\u00e2meras montadas em ve\u00edculos aumentou rapidamente. Cada c\u00e2mera adicional requer um sensor CMOS adicional, o que impulsiona diretamente o crescimento do tamanho do mercado de CMOS.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3B3B3B; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3B3B3B; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">De acordo com a \u00faltima previs\u00e3o do Yole Group, o valor de mercado dos sensores de imagem CMOS aumentou em US$ 1,4 bilh\u00e3o entre 2016 e 2022, tornando-se o segmento de crescimento mais r\u00e1pido e com maior porcentagem entre os sensores automotivos (incluindo v\u00e1rios radares, sensores, etc.).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"padding: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; max-width: 100%;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Campo de seguran\u00e7a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3B3B3B; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">No campo do monitoramento de seguran\u00e7a, as informa\u00e7\u00f5es visuais precisam ser obtidas por meio de c\u00e2meras, o que requer sensores de imagem CMOS. Nos \u00faltimos anos, com a profunda integra\u00e7\u00e3o da ind\u00fastria de seguran\u00e7a com tecnologias como intelig\u00eancia artificial, big data e computa\u00e7\u00e3o em nuvem, a escala de todo o mercado de monitoramento de seguran\u00e7a continuou a se expandir. Dos 851 bilh\u00f5es de yuans em valor total de produ\u00e7\u00e3o da ind\u00fastria de seguran\u00e7a da China em 2020, os projetos de seguran\u00e7a representaram 510 bilh\u00f5es de yuans, os produtos de seguran\u00e7a representaram 260 bilh\u00f5es de yuans e o mercado de opera\u00e7\u00e3o, manuten\u00e7\u00e3o e servi\u00e7os representou 81 bilh\u00f5es de yuans. No futuro, com a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o adicional da infraestrutura da ind\u00fastria de seguran\u00e7a, a escala do mercado CIS no campo de monitoramento de seguran\u00e7a continuar\u00e1 a crescer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><\/p>\n<ul class=\"list-paddingleft-2\" style=\"padding: 0px; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; max-width: 100%;\">\n<li>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Campo IOT (Internet das Coisas)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3F3F3F; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">No campo da IOT, um grande n\u00famero de dispositivos de hardware eletr\u00f4nico precisa ser equipado com m\u00f3dulos de c\u00e2mera para realizar imagem, reconhecimento facial, videochamadas e outras fun\u00e7\u00f5es. Como TV, alto-falantes inteligentes, drones, VR\/AR e outros produtos. Al\u00e9m disso, um grande n\u00famero de sensores de imagem CMOS tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios em sistemas m\u00e9dicos e industriais. Agora, os campos de pesquisa m\u00e9dica e cient\u00edfica est\u00e3o buscando usar sensores CMOS de menor custo e mais eficazes para substituir a maioria dos produtos antigos; com o desenvolvimento da vis\u00e3o de m\u00e1quina, mais e mais linhas de produ\u00e7\u00e3o industrial introduzir\u00e3o sensores de imagem para melhorar a efici\u00eancia e a qualidade da produ\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #3F3F3F; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Sele\u00e7\u00e3o do sensor de imagem CMOS da Canon<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\"><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34);\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Lista de produtos do sensor de imagem CMOS da Canon<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959206772015.png\" title=\"1721959206772015.png\" alt=\"b2f5519560ba82b65e1c2d3b8e2d59b0.png\"\/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959215374979.png\" title=\"1721959215374979.png\" alt=\"4082b89f70ec149a51bd683d1d8655f3.png\"\/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%;\">Produtos de alta resolu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959235564675.png\" title=\"1721959235564675.png\" alt=\"4006a0fe10c0c6e4c5be1b6dfd34f086.png\"\/><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0;\">S\u00e9rie de produtos de monitoramento\/vis\u00e3o de m\u00e1quina<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/image\/20240726\/1721959253338719.png\" title=\"1721959253338719.png\" alt=\"3e4a2bd408e0fa92d30c01b5efc0365a.png\"\/><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0;\"><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); white-space: normal; text-align: center;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; font-size: 18px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;\"><span style=\"max-width: 100%; color: #456BB0;\"><strong style=\"max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: arial; font-size: 18px; text-align: center; white-space: normal;\">\u00b7FIM\u00b7<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction to CMOS Image Sensor Image sensors are devices that convert light signals into electrical signals and are widely used in the digital television and visual communication markets. Currently, the two most widely used are CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor). Among them, CMOS is currently the most eye-catching and is considered to have the greatest development potential. CMOS image sensor is a typical solid-state imaging sensor, usually composed of image sensitive unit array, row driver, column driver, timing control logic, AD converter, data bus output interface, control interface and other parts. These parts are usually integrated on the same silicon chip. Its working process can generally be divided into reset, photoelectric conversion, integration and readout. Other digital signal processing circuits can also be integrated on the CMOS image sensor chip, such as AD converters, automatic exposure control, non-uniformity compensation, white balance processing, black level control, gamma correction, etc. In order to perform fast calculations, even DSP devices with programmable functions can be integrated with CMOS devices to form a single-chip digital camera and image processing system. More precisely, a CMOS image sensor should be considered an image system. In fact, when a designer buys a CMOS image sensor, he or she gets a complete system including image array logic registers, memory, timing pulse generators, and converters. Working Principle of CMOS Image Sensor 1. Pixel structure of MOS tube The MOS transistor and the photodiode form a structural cross-section equivalent to a pixel. During the light integration period, the MOS transistor is cut off, and the photodiode generates corresponding carriers according to the intensity of the incident light and stores them at the P-N junction of the source (position \u2460 in the figure below). When the integration period ends, a scan pulse is applied to the gate of the MOS transistor, turning it on, resetting the photodiode to the reference potential, and causing a video current to flow through the load, the magnitude of which corresponds to the incident light intensity. The MOS transistor source P.N junction plays the role of photoelectric conversion and carrier storage. When a pulse signal is applied to the gate, the video signal is read out. 2. CMOS image sensor array structure The CMOS pixel array structure consists of a horizontal shift register, a vertical shift register and a CMOS pixel array. CMOS sensor array structure (1-vertical shift register; 2-horizontal shift register; 3-horizontal scanning switch; 4-vertical scanning switch; 5-pixel array; 6-signal line; 7-pixel) As mentioned above, each MOS transistor acts as a switch under the pulse drive of the horizontal and vertical scanning circuits. The horizontal shift register sequentially turns on the MOS transistors that play the horizontal scanning role from left to right, that is, the role of addressing the column, and the vertical shift register sequentially addresses the rows of the array. Each pixel consists of a photodiode and a MOS transistor that acts as a vertical switch. The horizontal switch is turned on in sequence under the action of the pulse generated by the horizontal shift register, and the vertical switch is turned on under the action of the pulse generated by the vertical shift register, so that the reference voltage (bias) is applied to the photodiode of the pixel in sequence. 3. Working principle and process of CMOS image sensor According to the functional block diagram of the CMOS image sensor, it can be found that the workflow of the CMOS image sensor is mainly divided into the following three steps. Functional block diagram of a CMOS image sensor Step 1: External light irradiates the pixel array, causing a photoelectric effect and generating corresponding charges in the pixel unit. The scene is focused onto the image sensor array through the imaging lens. The image sensor array is a two-dimensional pixel array. Each pixel includes a photodiode. The photodiode in each pixel converts the light intensity on its array surface into an electrical signal. Step 2: Select the pixel you want to operate through the row selection circuit and the column selection circuit, and read the electrical signal on the pixel. During the gating process, the row selection logic unit can scan the pixel array row by row or alternately, and the same is true for the columns. The row selection logic unit and the column selection logic unit can be used together to realize the window extraction function of the image. Step 3: Perform signal processing on the corresponding pixel units. The image signals in the row pixel units are transmitted to the corresponding analog signal processing units and A\/D converters through the signal buses of their respective columns, and converted into digital image signals for output. The main function of the analog signal processing units is to amplify the signals and improve the signal-to-noise ratio. After the pixel electrical signal is amplified, it is sent to the correlated double sampling (CDS) circuit for processing. Correlated double sampling is an important method used by high-quality devices to eliminate some interference. Its basic principle is that the image sensor leads to two outputs, one for the real-time signal and the other for the reference signal. The same or related interference signals are removed by the difference of the two signals. This method can reduce KTC noise, reset noise and fixed pattern noise FPN (Fixed Pattern Noise), and can also reduce 1\/f noise and improve signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, it can also complete signal integration, amplification, sampling, holding and other functions. The signal is then output to an analog\/digital converter and converted into a digital signal output. In addition, in order to obtain a practical camera of qualified quality, the chip must contain various control circuits, such as exposure time control, automatic gain control, etc. In order to make each part of the circuit in the chip move at a specified beat, multiple timing control signals must be used. In order to facilitate the application of the camera, the chip is also required to output some timing signals, such<\/p>","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12970","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12970"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12970\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dgzx.hk\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}